grep – SO Manual Site

grep 는 특정파일에서 원하는 조건에 해당하는 라인을 찾을때 사용하는 명령어


# filename.txt 에서 패턴을 제외한 라인 찾기
grep -v '패턴' filename.txt

# filename.txt 에서 패턴1,패턴2,패턴3이 있는 라인 찾기
grep -E '패턴1|패턴2|패턴3' filename.txt

# filename.txt 에서 패턴1,패턴2,패턴3을 제외한 라인 찾기
grep -Ev '패턴1|패턴2|패턴3' filename.txt

# filename.txt 에서 패턴을 제외한 라인 찾기

grep -v '패턴' filename.txt

# filename.txt 에서 패턴1,패턴2,패턴3이 있는 라인 찾기

grep -E '패턴1|패턴2|패턴3' filename.txt

# filename.txt 에서 패턴1,패턴2,패턴3을 제외한 라인 찾기

grep -Ev '패턴1|패턴2|패턴3' filename.txt


[root@server ~]# grep --help
사용법: grep [옵션]... 패턴 [파일]...
Search for PATTERN in each FILE or standard input.
PATTERN is, by default, a basic regular expression (BRE).
Example: grep -i 'hello world' menu.h main.c

Regexp selection and interpretation:
  -E, --extended-regexp     PATTERN is an extended regular expression (ERE)
  -F, --fixed-strings       PATTERN is a set of newline-separated fixed strings
  -G, --basic-regexp        PATTERN is a basic regular expression (BRE)
  -P, --perl-regexp         PATTERN is a Perl regular expression
  -e, --regexp=PATTERN      use PATTERN for matching
  -f, --file=FILE           obtain PATTERN from FILE
  -i, --ignore-case         ignore case distinctions
  -w, --word-regexp         force PATTERN to match only whole words
  -x, --line-regexp         force PATTERN to match only whole lines
  -z, --null-data           a data line ends in 0 byte, not newline

Miscellaneous:
  -s, --no-messages         suppress error messages
  -v, --invert-match        select non-matching lines
  -V, --version             display version information and exit
      --help                display this help text and exit

Output control:
  -m, --max-count=NUM       stop after NUM matches
  -b, --byte-offset         print the byte offset with output lines
  -n, --line-number         print line number with output lines
      --line-buffered       flush output on every line
  -H, --with-filename       print the file name for each match
  -h, --no-filename         suppress the file name prefix on output
      --label=LABEL         use LABEL as the standard input file name prefix
  -o, --only-matching       show only the part of a line matching PATTERN
  -q, --quiet, --silent     suppress all normal output
      --binary-files=TYPE   assume that binary files are TYPE;
                            TYPE is 'binary', 'text', or 'without-match'
  -a, --text                equivalent to --binary-files=text
  -I                        equivalent to --binary-files=without-match
  -d, --directories=ACTION  how to handle directories;
                            ACTION is 'read', 'recurse', or 'skip'
  -D, --devices=ACTION      how to handle devices, FIFOs and sockets;
                            ACTION is 'read' or 'skip'
  -r, --recursive           like --directories=recurse
  -R, --dereference-recursive
                            likewise, but follow all symlinks
      --include=FILE_PATTERN
                            search only files that match FILE_PATTERN
      --exclude=FILE_PATTERN
                            skip files and directories matching FILE_PATTERN
      --exclude-from=FILE   skip files matching any file pattern from FILE
      --exclude-dir=PATTERN directories that match PATTERN will be skipped.
  -L, --files-without-match print only names of FILEs containing no match
  -l, --files-with-matches  print only names of FILEs containing matches
  -c, --count               print only a count of matching lines per FILE
  -T, --initial-tab         make tabs line up (if needed)
  -Z, --null                print 0 byte after FILE name

Context control:
  -B, --before-context=NUM  print NUM lines of leading context
  -A, --after-context=NUM   print NUM lines of trailing context
  -C, --context=NUM         print NUM lines of output context
  -NUM                      same as --context=NUM
      --group-separator=SEP use SEP as a group separator
      --no-group-separator  use empty string as a group separator
      --color[=WHEN],
      --colour[=WHEN]       use markers to highlight the matching strings;
                            WHEN is 'always', 'never', or 'auto'
  -U, --binary              do not strip CR characters at EOL (MSDOS/Windows)
  -u, --unix-byte-offsets   report offsets as if CRs were not there
                            (MSDOS/Windows)

[root@server ~]# grep --help

사용법: grep [옵션]... 패턴 [파일]...

Search for PATTERN in each FILE or standard input.

PATTERN is, by default, a basic regular expression (BRE).

Example: grep -i 'hello world' menu.h main.c

Regexp selection and interpretation:

-E, --extended-regexp PATTERN is an extended regular expression (ERE)

-F, --fixed-strings PATTERN is a set of newline-separated fixed strings

-G, --basic-regexp PATTERN is a basic regular expression (BRE)

-P, --perl-regexp PATTERN is a Perl regular expression

-e, --regexp=PATTERN use PATTERN for matching

-f, --file=FILE obtain PATTERN from FILE

-i, --ignore-case ignore case distinctions

-w, --word-regexp force PATTERN to match only whole words

-x, --line-regexp force PATTERN to match only whole lines

-z, --null-data a data line ends in 0 byte, not newline

Miscellaneous:

-s, --no-messages suppress error messages

-v, --invert-match select non-matching lines

-V, --version display version information and exit

--help display this help text and exit

Output control:

-m, --max-count=NUM stop after NUM matches

-b, --byte-offset print the byte offset with output lines

-n, --line-number print line number with output lines

--line-buffered flush output on every line

-H, --with-filename print the file name for each match

-h, --no-filename suppress the file name prefix on output

--label=LABEL use LABEL as the standard input file name prefix

-o, --only-matching show only the part of a line matching PATTERN

-q, --quiet, --silent suppress all normal output

--binary-files=TYPE assume that binary files are TYPE;

TYPE is 'binary', 'text', or 'without-match'

-a, --text equivalent to --binary-files=text

-I equivalent to --binary-files=without-match

-d, --directories=ACTION how to handle directories;

ACTION is 'read', 'recurse', or 'skip'

-D, --devices=ACTION how to handle devices, FIFOs and sockets;

ACTION is 'read' or 'skip'

-r, --recursive like --directories=recurse

-R, --dereference-recursive

likewise, but follow all symlinks

--include=FILE_PATTERN

search only files that match FILE_PATTERN

--exclude=FILE_PATTERN

skip files and directories matching FILE_PATTERN

--exclude-from=FILE skip files matching any file pattern from FILE

--exclude-dir=PATTERN directories that match PATTERN will be skipped.

-L, --files-without-match print only names of FILEs containing no match

-l, --files-with-matches print only names of FILEs containing matches

-c, --count print only a count of matching lines per FILE

-T, --initial-tab make tabs line up (if needed)

-Z, --null print 0 byte after FILE name

Context control:

-B, --before-context=NUM print NUM lines of leading context

-A, --after-context=NUM print NUM lines of trailing context

-C, --context=NUM print NUM lines of output context

-NUM same as --context=NUM

--group-separator=SEP use SEP as a group separator

--no-group-separator use empty string as a group separator

--color[=WHEN],

--colour[=WHEN] use markers to highlight the matching strings;

WHEN is 'always', 'never', or 'auto'

-U, --binary do not strip CR characters at EOL (MSDOS/Windows)

-u, --unix-byte-offsets report offsets as if CRs were not there

(MSDOS/Windows)

[table caption=”Linux grep Option” colwidth=”100|200″ colalign=”center|center|left”]
option , 풀이 , 설명
-A NUM , –after-context=NUM , 패턴매칭라인 이후의 라인을 NUM수만큼 출력
-a , –text , 기본적으로 grep는 바이너리 파일을 처리할 수없다.

[태그:] grep

awk – 필드단위로 패턴처리 할때 사용하는 스크립트

grep – 파일에서 원하는 조건의 라인 찾기

ack – grep 확장 프로그램