gzip filename / tar cfzp filename.tar targetfile – Linux 압축프로그램
[table caption=”자주 사용하는 리눅스 압축 프로그램” colwidth=”150|” colalign=”center|left|left”]
프로그램 , 압축 하기 , 압축 풀기
tar , tar cfzp filename.tar targetfile , tar xzfp filename.tgz
gzip , gzip filename , gzip -d filename.gz
bzip2 , bzip2 filename , bzip2 -d filename
zip , zip filename.zip targetfile , unzip filename.zip
Uncompress , , uncompress filename.tar.Z
[/table]
압축 프로그램 비교표 (WIKI)
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# wp-admin 폴더를 filename.tar 으로 묶음 [root@server html]# tar cfzp filename.tar wp-admin ; ll -h filename.tar -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.5M 2016-05-20 15:30 filename.tar # 생성된 filename.tar 를 gzip 한번더 압축 [root@server html]# gzip filename.tar ; ll -h filename.* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.5M 2016-05-20 15:30 filename.tar.gz # 생성된 filename.tar.gz 를 bzip2 한번더 압축 [root@server html]# bzip2 filename.tar.gz ; ll -h filename* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.5M 2016-05-20 15:30 filename.tar.gz.bz2 # 생성된 filename.tar.gz.bz2 를 zip로 한번더 압축 [root@server html]# zip filename.zip filename.tar.gz.bz2 ; ll -h filename.* adding: filename.tar.gz.bz2 (deflated 0%) -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.5M 2016-05-20 15:30 filename.tar.gz.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.5M 2016-05-20 15:33 filename.zip |
[table caption=”자주 사용하는 tar option” colwidth=”50|” colalign=”center|left”]
옵 션 , 설 명
-c , create 압축 파일을 생성한다.
-x , extract 압축 파일을 해제한다.
-v , 압축파일이 생성되는 과정을 보여준다.
-f , 압축파일 또는 Archive 장치를 사용한다.
-p , 퍼미션을 유지한채 압축한다.
-z , gzip 으로 압축한다.
[attr colspan=”2″]※ tar 명령에서 옵션 앞에 붙는 “-” 기호는 붙여도 되고\, 붙이지 않아도 된다.
[attr colspan=”2″]※ gzip 과 같이 압축된 파일의 경우(tar.gz 또는 tgz) -z 옵션을 사용하여 한번에 처리할 수 있다.
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[root@server html]# tar --help Usage: tar [OPTION...] [FILE]... GNU `tar' saves many files together into a single tape or disk archive, and can restore individual files from the archive. Examples: tar -cf archive.tar foo bar # Create archive.tar from files foo and bar. tar -tvf archive.tar # List all files in archive.tar verbosely. tar -xf archive.tar # Extract all files from archive.tar. Main operation mode: -A, --catenate, --concatenate append tar files to an archive -c, --create create a new archive -d, --diff, --compare find differences between archive and file system --delete delete from the archive (not on mag tapes!) -r, --append append files to the end of an archive -t, --list list the contents of an archive --test-label test the archive volume label and exit -u, --update only append files newer than copy in archive -x, --extract, --get extract files from an archive Operation modifiers: --check-device check device numbers when creating incremental archives (default) -g, --listed-incremental=FILE handle new GNU-format incremental backup -G, --incremental handle old GNU-format incremental backup --ignore-failed-read do not exit with nonzero on unreadable files --level=NUMBER dump level for created listed-incremental archive -n, --seek archive is seekable --no-check-device do not check device numbers when creating incremental archives --no-seek archive is not seekable --occurrence[=NUMBER] process only the NUMBERth occurrence of each file in the archive; this option is valid only in conjunction with one of the subcommands --delete, --diff, --extract or --list and when a list of files is given either on the command line or via the -T option; NUMBER defaults to 1 --sparse-version=MAJOR[.MINOR] set version of the sparse format to use (implies --sparse) -S, --sparse handle sparse files efficiently Overwrite control: -k, --keep-old-files don't replace existing files when extracting, treat them as errors --keep-newer-files don't replace existing files that are newer than their archive copies --no-overwrite-dir preserve metadata of existing directories --overwrite overwrite existing files when extracting --overwrite-dir overwrite metadata of existing directories when extracting (default) --recursive-unlink empty hierarchies prior to extracting directory --remove-files remove files after adding them to the archive --skip-old-files don't replace existing files when extracting, silently skip over them -U, --unlink-first remove each file prior to extracting over it -W, --verify attempt to verify the archive after writing it Select output stream: --ignore-command-error ignore exit codes of children --no-ignore-command-error treat non-zero exit codes of children as error -O, --to-stdout extract files to standard output --to-command=COMMAND pipe extracted files to another program Handling of file attributes: --acls Save the ACLs to the archive --atime-preserve[=METHOD] preserve access times on dumped files, either by restoring the times after reading (METHOD='replace'; default) or by not setting the times in the first place (METHOD='system') --delay-directory-restore delay setting modification times and permissions of extracted directories until the end of extraction --group=NAME force NAME as group for added files --mode=CHANGES force (symbolic) mode CHANGES for added files --mtime=DATE-OR-FILE set mtime for added files from DATE-OR-FILE -m, --touch don't extract file modified time --no-acls Don't extract the ACLs from the archive --no-delay-directory-restore cancel the effect of --delay-directory-restore option --no-same-owner extract files as yourself (default for ordinary users) --no-same-permissions apply the user's umask when extracting permissions from the archive (default for ordinary users) --no-selinux Don't extract the SELinux context from the archive --no-xattrs Don't extract the user/root xattrs from the archive --numeric-owner always use numbers for user/group names --owner=NAME force NAME as owner for added files -p, --preserve-permissions, --same-permissions extract information about file permissions (default for superuser) --preserve same as both -p and -s --same-owner try extracting files with the same ownership as exists in the archive (default for superuser) -s, --preserve-order, --same-order sort names to extract to match archive --selinux Save the SELinux context to the archive --xattrs Save the user/root xattrs to the archive Device selection and switching: -f, --file=ARCHIVE use archive file or device ARCHIVE --force-local archive file is local even if it has a colon -F, --info-script=NAME, --new-volume-script=NAME run script at end of each tape (implies -M) -L, --tape-length=NUMBER change tape after writing NUMBER x 1024 bytes -M, --multi-volume create/list/extract multi-volume archive --rmt-command=COMMAND use given rmt COMMAND instead of rmt --rsh-command=COMMAND use remote COMMAND instead of rsh --volno-file=FILE use/update the volume number in FILE Device blocking: -b, --blocking-factor=BLOCKS BLOCKS x 512 bytes per record -B, --read-full-records reblock as we read (for 4.2BSD pipes) -i, --ignore-zeros ignore zeroed blocks in archive (means EOF) --record-size=NUMBER NUMBER of bytes per record, multiple of 512 Archive format selection: -H, --format=FORMAT create archive of the given format FORMAT is one of the following: gnu GNU tar 1.13.x format oldgnu GNU format as per tar <= 1.12 pax POSIX 1003.1-2001 (pax) format posix same as pax ustar POSIX 1003.1-1988 (ustar) format v7 old V7 tar format --old-archive, --portability same as --format=v7 --pax-option=keyword[[:]=value][,keyword[[:]=value]]... control pax keywords --posix same as --format=posix -V, --label=TEXT create archive with volume name TEXT; at list/extract time, use TEXT as a globbing pattern for volume name Compression options: -a, --auto-compress use archive suffix to determine the compression program -I, --use-compress-program=PROG filter through PROG (must accept -d) -j, --bzip2 filter the archive through bzip2 -J, --xz filter the archive through xz --lzip filter the archive through lzip --lzma filter the archive through lzma --lzop --no-auto-compress do not use archive suffix to determine the compression program -z, --gzip, --gunzip, --ungzip filter the archive through gzip -Z, --compress, --uncompress filter the archive through compress Local file selection: --add-file=FILE add given FILE to the archive (useful if its name starts with a dash) --backup[=CONTROL] backup before removal, choose version CONTROL -C, --directory=DIR change to directory DIR --exclude=PATTERN exclude files, given as a PATTERN --exclude-backups exclude backup and lock files --exclude-caches exclude contents of directories containing CACHEDIR.TAG, except for the tag file itself --exclude-caches-all exclude directories containing CACHEDIR.TAG --exclude-caches-under exclude everything under directories containing CACHEDIR.TAG --exclude-tag=FILE exclude contents of directories containing FILE, except for FILE itself --exclude-tag-all=FILE exclude directories containing FILE --exclude-tag-under=FILE exclude everything under directories containing FILE --exclude-vcs exclude version control system directories -h, --dereference follow symlinks; archive and dump the files they point to --hard-dereference follow hard links; archive and dump the files they refer to -K, --starting-file=MEMBER-NAME begin at member MEMBER-NAME in the archive --newer-mtime=DATE compare date and time when data changed only --no-null disable the effect of the previous --null option --no-recursion avoid descending automatically in directories --no-unquote do not unquote filenames read with -T --null -T reads null-terminated names, disable -C -N, --newer=DATE-OR-FILE, --after-date=DATE-OR-FILE only store files newer than DATE-OR-FILE --one-file-system stay in local file system when creating archive -P, --absolute-names don't strip leading `/'s from file names --recursion recurse into directories (default) --suffix=STRING backup before removal, override usual suffix ('~' unless overridden by environment variable SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX) -T, --files-from=FILE get names to extract or create from FILE --unquote unquote filenames read with -T (default) -X, --exclude-from=FILE exclude patterns listed in FILE File name transformations: --strip-components=NUMBER strip NUMBER leading components from file names on extraction --transform=EXPRESSION, --xform=EXPRESSION use sed replace EXPRESSION to transform file names File name matching options (affect both exclude and include patterns): --anchored patterns match file name start --ignore-case ignore case --no-anchored patterns match after any `/' (default for exclusion) --no-ignore-case case sensitive matching (default) --no-wildcards verbatim string matching --no-wildcards-match-slash wildcards do not match `/' --wildcards use wildcards (default) --wildcards-match-slash wildcards match `/' (default for exclusion) Informative output: --checkpoint[=NUMBER] display progress messages every NUMBERth record (default 10) --checkpoint-action=ACTION execute ACTION on each checkpoint --index-file=FILE send verbose output to FILE -l, --check-links print a message if not all links are dumped --no-quote-chars=STRING disable quoting for characters from STRING --quote-chars=STRING additionally quote characters from STRING --quoting-style=STYLE set name quoting style; see below for valid STYLE values -R, --block-number show block number within archive with each message --show-defaults show tar defaults --show-omitted-dirs when listing or extracting, list each directory that does not match search criteria --show-transformed-names, --show-stored-names show file or archive names after transformation --totals[=SIGNAL] print total bytes after processing the archive; with an argument - print total bytes when this SIGNAL is delivered; Allowed signals are: SIGHUP, SIGQUIT, SIGINT, SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2; the names without SIG prefix are also accepted --utc print file modification dates in UTC -v, --verbose verbosely list files processed --warning=KEYWORD warning control -w, --interactive, --confirmation ask for confirmation for every action Compatibility options: -o when creating, same as --old-archive; when extracting, same as --no-same-owner Other options: -?, --help give this help list --restrict disable use of some potentially harmful options --usage give a short usage message --version print program version |
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[root@server html]# gzip --help Usage: gzip [OPTION]... [FILE]... Compress or uncompress FILEs (by default, compress FILES in-place). Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -c, --stdout write on standard output, keep original files unchanged -d, --decompress decompress -f, --force force overwrite of output file and compress links -h, --help give this help -l, --list list compressed file contents -L, --license display software license -n, --no-name do not save or restore the original name and time stamp -N, --name save or restore the original name and time stamp -q, --quiet suppress all warnings -r, --recursive operate recursively on directories -S, --suffix=SUF use suffix SUF on compressed files -t, --test test compressed file integrity -v, --verbose verbose mode -V, --version display version number -1, --fast compress faster -9, --best compress better --rsyncable Make rsync-friendly archive |
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[root@server html]# bzip2 --help bzip2, a block-sorting file compressor. Version 1.0.5, 10-Dec-2007. usage: bzip2 [flags and input files in any order] -h --help print this message -d --decompress force decompression -z --compress force compression -k --keep keep (don't delete) input files -f --force overwrite existing output files -t --test test compressed file integrity -c --stdout output to standard out -q --quiet suppress noncritical error messages -v --verbose be verbose (a 2nd -v gives more) -L --license display software version & license -V --version display software version & license -s --small use less memory (at most 2500k) -1 .. -9 set block size to 100k .. 900k --fast alias for -1 --best alias for -9 |
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[root@server html]# zip --help Copyright (c) 1990-2008 Info-ZIP - Type 'zip "-L"' for software license. Zip 3.0 (July 5th 2008). Usage: zip [-options] [-b path] [-t mmddyyyy] [-n suffixes] [zipfile list] [-xi list] The default action is to add or replace zipfile entries from list, which can include the special name - to compress standard input. If zipfile and list are omitted, zip compresses stdin to stdout. -f freshen: only changed files -u update: only changed or new files -d delete entries in zipfile -m move into zipfile (delete OS files) -r recurse into directories -j junk (don't record) directory names -0 store only -l convert LF to CR LF (-ll CR LF to LF) -1 compress faster -9 compress better -q quiet operation -v verbose operation/print version info -c add one-line comments -z add zipfile comment -@ read names from stdin -o make zipfile as old as latest entry -x exclude the following names -i include only the following names -F fix zipfile (-FF try harder) -D do not add directory entries -A adjust self-extracting exe -J junk zipfile prefix (unzipsfx) -T test zipfile integrity -X eXclude eXtra file attributes -y store symbolic links as the link instead of the referenced file -e encrypt -n don't compress these suffixes -h2 show more help |